{
    "slug": "cutting-parameters",
    "title": "CNC 常用材料切削参数表：切削速度与进给量",
    "description": "硬质合金刀片车削与铣削八种 CNC 常用材料的切削速度、进给量与切削深度对照，以及各材料所需的切削液与切深策略，可直接用于下刀参数与工艺卡填写，无需再翻手册换算。",
    "lang": "zh",
    "tables": [
        {
            "caption": "车削——切削速度、进给量与切削深度（硬质合金刀片）",
            "columns": [
                "材料与状态",
                "切削速度 (m/min)",
                "进给量 (mm/rev)",
                "粗加工切深 (mm)",
                "精加工切深 (mm)",
                "切削液",
                "来源"
            ],
            "rows": [
                {
                    "材料与状态": "Aluminum 6061-T6 (wrought, heat-treatable, ~95 HB)",
                    "切削速度 (m/min)": "300–1000",
                    "进给量 (mm/rev)": "0.1–0.3",
                    "粗加工切深 (mm)": "0.5–3.0",
                    "精加工切深 (mm)": "0.2–0.5",
                    "切削液": "大流量乳化液浇注",
                    "来源": "S4 — ISCAR ISOTURN P25 (wrought hardenable)"
                },
                {
                    "材料与状态": "Aluminum 7075-T6 (wrought, heat-treatable, ~150 HB)",
                    "切削速度 (m/min)": "300–1000",
                    "进给量 (mm/rev)": "0.1–0.3",
                    "粗加工切深 (mm)": "0.5–3.0",
                    "精加工切深 (mm)": "0.2–0.5",
                    "切削液": "大流量乳化液浇注",
                    "来源": "S4 — ISCAR ISOTURN P25 (lower half of the range for 7075)"
                },
                {
                    "材料与状态": "Aluminum 6061 / 7075 (PCD tooling, reference row)",
                    "切削速度 (m/min)": "600–2500",
                    "进给量 (mm/rev)": "0.1–0.3",
                    "粗加工切深 (mm)": "0.05–0.3",
                    "精加工切深 (mm)": "0.05–0.2",
                    "切削液": "浇注或油雾",
                    "来源": "S4 — ISCAR ISOTURN P31 (PCD column)"
                },
                {
                    "材料与状态": "Carbon steel 1045 (180–280 HB)",
                    "切削速度 (m/min)": "160–275",
                    "进给量 (mm/rev)": "0.4–1.2",
                    "粗加工切深 (mm)": "2.0–8.0",
                    "精加工切深 (mm)": "0.3–1.0 (est.)",
                    "切削液": "乳化液",
                    "来源": "S3 — Mitsubishi B045, P group (UE6110 / MC6025)"
                },
                {
                    "材料与状态": "Alloy steel 4140 (180–280 HB, quenched and tempered)",
                    "切削速度 (m/min)": "160–275",
                    "进给量 (mm/rev)": "0.4–1.2",
                    "粗加工切深 (mm)": "2.0–10.0",
                    "精加工切深 (mm)": "0.3–1.0 (est.)",
                    "切削液": "乳化液",
                    "来源": "S3 — Mitsubishi B045, P group"
                },
                {
                    "材料与状态": "Stainless 304 (≤200 HB)",
                    "切削速度 (m/min)": "75–140",
                    "进给量 (mm/rev)": "0.4–1.1",
                    "粗加工切深 (mm)": "1.5–8.0",
                    "精加工切深 (mm)": "0.3–1.0 (est.)",
                    "切削液": "大流量乳化液浇注",
                    "来源": "S3 — Mitsubishi B045, M group (US735)"
                },
                {
                    "材料与状态": "Stainless 316 (≤200 HB)",
                    "切削速度 (m/min)": "75–140",
                    "进给量 (mm/rev)": "0.4–1.1",
                    "粗加工切深 (mm)": "1.5–8.0",
                    "精加工切深 (mm)": "0.3–1.0 (est.)",
                    "切削液": "大流量乳化液浇注",
                    "来源": "S3 — Mitsubishi B045, M group"
                },
                {
                    "材料与状态": "Titanium Ti-6Al-4V (annealed, ~33–36 HRC)",
                    "切削速度 (m/min)": "40–60",
                    "进给量 (mm/rev)": "0.20–0.40",
                    "粗加工切深 (mm)": "1.0–3.0",
                    "精加工切深 (mm)": "0.3–0.8",
                    "切削液": "高压切削液 (HPC)——必须采用，不可省略",
                    "来源": "Sandvik titanium machining guidance (~60 m/min roughing); Machinery's Handbook 27 ed., Table 7 (29–76 m/min at 0.20–0.43 mm/rev)"
                },
                {
                    "材料与状态": "Brass C36000 (free-cutting, ~90 HB)",
                    "切削速度 (m/min)": "180–400",
                    "进给量 (mm/rev)": "0.1–0.3",
                    "粗加工切深 (mm)": "0.5–3.0",
                    "精加工切深 (mm)": "0.2–0.5",
                    "切削液": "干切或微量油雾",
                    "来源": "S4 — ISCAR ISOTURN P25 (brass column)"
                },
                {
                    "材料与状态": "Brass C36000 (PCD tooling, reference row)",
                    "切削速度 (m/min)": "600–800",
                    "进给量 (mm/rev)": "0.1–0.3",
                    "粗加工切深 (mm)": "0.05–0.3",
                    "精加工切深 (mm)": "0.05–0.2",
                    "切削液": "干切或油雾",
                    "来源": "S4 — ISCAR ISOTURN P31 (PCD column)"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "caption": "面铣（硬质合金）",
            "columns": [
                "材料",
                "切削速度 (m/min)",
                "每齿进给量 (mm, Ø12)",
                "粗加工切深 (mm)",
                "精加工切深 (mm)",
                "切削液",
                "来源"
            ],
            "rows": [
                {
                    "材料": "Aluminum 6061-T6 / 7075-T6",
                    "切削速度 (m/min)": "244+ (from 800 SFM)",
                    "每齿进给量 (mm, Ø12)": "0.15–0.19",
                    "粗加工切深 (mm)": "1.0–3.0",
                    "精加工切深 (mm)": "0.3–0.5",
                    "切削液": "浇注或微量润滑 (MQL)",
                    "来源": "S1 — Data Flute, Aluminum 6061/7075 column"
                },
                {
                    "材料": "Carbon steel 1045",
                    "切削速度 (m/min)": "61–137",
                    "每齿进给量 (mm, Ø12)": "0.076",
                    "粗加工切深 (mm)": "1.0–3.0 (×DC)",
                    "精加工切深 (mm)": "0.3–0.5 (×DC)",
                    "切削液": "乳化液",
                    "来源": "S1 — Data Flute, carbon steels <32 Rc"
                },
                {
                    "材料": "Alloy steel 4140",
                    "切削速度 (m/min)": "46–91",
                    "每齿进给量 (mm, Ø12)": "0.064",
                    "粗加工切深 (mm)": "1.0–2.5 (×DC)",
                    "精加工切深 (mm)": "0.3–0.5 (×DC)",
                    "切削液": "乳化液",
                    "来源": "S1 — Data Flute, alloy steel 40XX/41XX"
                },
                {
                    "材料": "Stainless 304 / 316",
                    "切削速度 (m/min)": "46–107",
                    "每齿进给量 (mm, Ø12)": "0.071",
                    "粗加工切深 (mm)": "1.0–2.5 (×DC)",
                    "精加工切深 (mm)": "0.3–0.5 (×DC)",
                    "切削液": "大流量乳化液浇注",
                    "来源": "S1 — Data Flute, stainless 300 series"
                },
                {
                    "材料": "Titanium Ti-6Al-4V",
                    "切削速度 (m/min)": "43–61",
                    "每齿进给量 (mm, Ø12)": "0.064",
                    "粗加工切深 (mm)": "0.5–1.5",
                    "精加工切深 (mm)": "0.2–0.5",
                    "切削液": "高压切削液 (HPC)",
                    "来源": "S1 — Data Flute, titanium cast/wrought 6AL4V"
                },
                {
                    "材料": "Titanium Ti-6Al-4V (IC830 face mill, reference row)",
                    "切削速度 (m/min)": "51–55",
                    "每齿进给量 (mm, Ø12)": "0.13–0.18",
                    "粗加工切深 (mm)": "1.5",
                    "精加工切深 (mm)": "—",
                    "切削液": "高压切削液 (HPC)",
                    "来源": "S5 — ISCAR Machining Titanium p32 (Vc=55, Km=1, Ke=0.92)"
                },
                {
                    "材料": "Brass C36000",
                    "切削速度 (m/min)": "152–274",
                    "每齿进给量 (mm, Ø12)": "0.165",
                    "粗加工切深 (mm)": "1.0–3.0 (×DC)",
                    "精加工切深 (mm)": "0.3–0.5 (×DC)",
                    "切削液": "干切或油雾",
                    "来源": "S1 — Data Flute, brass (yellow/red/leaded)"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "caption": "立铣（硬质合金）",
            "columns": [
                "材料",
                "切削速度 (m/min)",
                "每齿进给量 (mm, Ø12)",
                "粗加工切深 (mm)",
                "精加工切深 (mm)",
                "切削液",
                "来源"
            ],
            "rows": [
                {
                    "材料": "Aluminum 6061-T6 / 7075-T6",
                    "切削速度 (m/min)": "244+",
                    "每齿进给量 (mm, Ø12)": "0.19 (HP) / 0.29 (finishing)",
                    "粗加工切深 (mm)": "≤0.3×D ≈ 3.6",
                    "精加工切深 (mm)": "≤0.05×D ≈ 0.6",
                    "切削液": "浇注或微量润滑 (MQL)",
                    "来源": "S1 + S2 (depth-of-cut basis S2)"
                },
                {
                    "材料": "Carbon steel 1045",
                    "切削速度 (m/min)": "61–137",
                    "每齿进给量 (mm, Ø12)": "0.076",
                    "粗加工切深 (mm)": "≤0.3×D ≈ 3.6",
                    "精加工切深 (mm)": "≤0.05×D ≈ 0.6",
                    "切削液": "乳化液",
                    "来源": "S1 + S2"
                },
                {
                    "材料": "Alloy steel 4140",
                    "切削速度 (m/min)": "46–91",
                    "每齿进给量 (mm, Ø12)": "0.064",
                    "粗加工切深 (mm)": "≤0.3×D ≈ 3.6",
                    "精加工切深 (mm)": "≤0.05×D ≈ 0.6",
                    "切削液": "乳化液",
                    "来源": "S1 + S2"
                },
                {
                    "材料": "Stainless 304 / 316",
                    "切削速度 (m/min)": "46–107",
                    "每齿进给量 (mm, Ø12)": "0.071",
                    "粗加工切深 (mm)": "≤0.2×D ≈ 2.4",
                    "精加工切深 (mm)": "≤0.05×D ≈ 0.6",
                    "切削液": "大流量乳化液浇注",
                    "来源": "S1 + S2"
                },
                {
                    "材料": "Titanium Ti-6Al-4V",
                    "切削速度 (m/min)": "43–61",
                    "每齿进给量 (mm, Ø12)": "0.064",
                    "粗加工切深 (mm)": "≤0.15×D ≈ 1.8",
                    "精加工切深 (mm)": "≤0.05×D ≈ 0.6",
                    "切削液": "高压切削液 (HPC)",
                    "来源": "S1 + S5"
                },
                {
                    "材料": "Brass C36000",
                    "切削速度 (m/min)": "152–274",
                    "每齿进给量 (mm, Ø12)": "0.165",
                    "粗加工切深 (mm)": "≤0.3×D ≈ 3.6",
                    "精加工切深 (mm)": "≤0.05×D ≈ 0.6",
                    "切削液": "干切或油雾",
                    "来源": "S1"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "caption": "两组有效速度区间——不要取平均值",
            "columns": [
                "情形",
                "Vc (m/min)",
                "每齿进给量 (mm, Ø12)",
                "切深策略",
                "适用条件",
                "来源"
            ],
            "rows": [
                {
                    "情形": "立铣，不锈钢 304/316（美/欧车间基准）",
                    "Vc (m/min)": "46–107",
                    "每齿进给量 (mm, Ø12)": "0.071",
                    "切深策略": "≤0.2×D",
                    "适用条件": "整体硬质合金立铣刀，重粗加工，刀具寿命优先",
                    "来源": "S1 (SSDH/MH-RO, 150–350 SFM)"
                },
                {
                    "情形": "立铣，不锈钢 304/316（日本刀片样本基准）",
                    "Vc (m/min)": "100–200 (nominal 150)",
                    "每齿进给量 (mm, Ø12)": "0.2 (≤0.4)",
                    "切深策略": "≤0.05×D",
                    "适用条件": "VP15TF 涂层刀片，浅切深，高转速，装夹稳定",
                    "来源": "S2 — Mitsubishi SRF/SUF"
                },
                {
                    "情形": "立铣，碳素钢 1045（美/欧车间基准）",
                    "Vc (m/min)": "61–137",
                    "每齿进给量 (mm, Ø12)": "0.076",
                    "切深策略": "≤0.3×D",
                    "适用条件": "整体硬质合金立铣刀，刀具寿命优先",
                    "来源": "S1"
                },
                {
                    "情形": "立铣，碳素钢（日本刀片样本基准）",
                    "Vc (m/min)": "80–300 (nominal 200)",
                    "每齿进给量 (mm, Ø12)": "—",
                    "切深策略": "≤0.05×D",
                    "适用条件": "涂层刀片，浅切深，高转速",
                    "来源": "S2 — Mitsubishi SRF/SUF"
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}